Which court typically hears civil cases in the first instance?

The County Court is typically the court that hears civil cases in the first instance. This court has jurisdiction over a wide range of civil matters, including contractual disputes, tort claims, and personal injury cases. The structure of the County Court system allows for cases to be heard by judges who specialize in civil law, making it an accessible venue for individuals and entities seeking resolution of civil disputes.

In this context, while the High Court also hears civil cases, it generally deals with more significant or complex cases, including appeals from lower courts. The Crown Court is primarily focused on serious criminal cases, and the Magistrates' Court typically handles summary offenses and some civil matters, like certain family law issues or non-payment of fines, but it does not have the same comprehensive jurisdiction over civil cases as the County Court. Therefore, the County Court is recognized as the principal court for civil matters in the first instance.