In what circumstance would a 'next friend' be involved in a civil court case?

A 'next friend' is a person who represents someone unable to manage their own interests in legal proceedings, typically in cases involving minors or individuals who are incapacitated. In the context of this question, when a civil court case involves a minor as a party, a 'next friend' acts to protect the rights and interests of that minor.

The correct choice emphasizes that a 'next friend' is responsible for handling the legal proceedings on behalf of the minor, which implicitly includes taking on the financial responsibilities that might arise, such as costs awarded by the court. The 'next friend' ensures that the minor is appropriately represented in court and that any rulings, including financial liabilities, are appropriately managed.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately describe the role of a 'next friend.' An advocate for the defendant does not fit the definition, as their role pertains to defending a party rather than representing someone unable to advocate for themselves. Similarly, acting as a guardian for an incapacitated adult may involve different legal roles, such as a guardian ad litem, rather than the specific designation of 'next friend.' Lastly, while a legal advisor for the plaintiff may assist in litigation, they do not fulfill the specific responsibilities associated with managing a case on behalf